Clean Air

Air quality index

The Air Quality Index provides users with a better understanding of the air quality in the places they live, work or travel. By displaying up-to-date information and real-time measurement data, users can get a simple overview of the air quality in individual cities and municipalities.

The index is based on hourly concentrations of five key pollutants: particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ozone (O₃) and sulphur dioxide (SO₂).

The index indicates the short-term (hourly) state of air quality. It does not reflect the long-term (annual) state of air quality, which can differ significantly from the short-term.

The index is consistent with the European Air Quality Index which started to be applied on 04 July 2025.

The concentration values of the five key pollutants determine the level of the index reflecting the air quality at each monitoring station. The index corresponds to the level of the pollutant that has the highest concentration of the five pollutants according to the following scheme.

Pollutant Index level (based on pollutant concentrations in µg/m3)
Good Fair Moderate Poor Very poor Extremely poor
Particles less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) 0-5 6-15 16-50 51-90 91-140 >140
Particles less than 10 µm (PM10) 0-15 16-45 46-120 121-195 196-270 >270
Ozone (O₃) 0-60 61-100 101-120 121-160 161-180 >180
Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) 0-10 11-25 26-60 61-100 101-150 >150
Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) 0-20 21-40 41-125 126-190 191-275 >275

Health messages

The index ranges are complemented by health messages that provide recommendations for both the general population and vulnerable population groups. The latter include adults and children with respiratory problems and adults with heart disease.

AQ index General population Sensitive populations
Good The air quality is good. Enjoy your usual outdoor activities. The air quality is good. Enjoy your usual outdoor activities.
Fair Enjoy your usual outdoor activities Enjoy your usual outdoor activities
Moderate Enjoy your usual outdoor activities Consider reducing intense outdoor activities, if you experience symptoms.
Poor Poor Consider reducing intense activities outdoors, if you experience symptoms such as sore eyes, a cough or sore throat Consider reducing physical activities, particularly outdoors, especially if you experience symptoms.
Very poor Consider reducing intense activities outdoors, if you experience symptoms such as sore eyes, a cough or sore throat Reduce physical activities, particularly outdoors, especially if you experience symptoms.
Extremely poor Reduce physical activities outdoors. Avoid physical activities outdoors.